金屬表面處理：利用現代物理化學、金屬學和熱處理等學科的邊緣性新技術來改變金屬表面的狀況和性質，使之與材料作優化組合，以達到預定性能要求的工藝方法，稱為金屬表面處理。模具的表(biao)(biao)面處(chu)理(li)技術，是通過表(biao)(biao)面涂(tu)覆、表(biao)(biao)面改性(xing)或復合處(chu)理(li)技術，改變模具表(biao)(biao)面的形態、化學成(cheng)分、組織結構和應力狀(zhuang)態，以(yi)獲(huo)得所需表(biao)(biao)面性(xing)能的系統工程。

金屬表面處(chu)理性(xing)(xing)能指：耐(nai)磨損性(xing)(xing)能、耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)(xing)能、摩擦系數、疲勞性(xing)(xing)能等。常(chang)用的處(chu)理工藝種類有鍍鋅(xin)、鍍錫、鍍銅、鍍鎳、鍍鉻、發黑、磷化(hua)、噴(pen)涂、拋光(guang)。

鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅：鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅是(shi)指在金(jin)(jin)屬、合(he)金(jin)(jin)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)者其(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)材料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)一(yi)層(ceng)鋅以(yi)(yi)起(qi)美觀、防銹等作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處理(li)技術。鋼鐵零件(jian)(jian)上(shang)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鋅主要作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)防腐蝕(shi)。鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)錫：洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)腐蝕(shi)產物對人類(lei)無害，且易于釬焊，鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)錫廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)于食(shi)品罐頭包裝制品、飲具(ju)、餐具(ju)及(ji)電子工(gong)業中(zhong)很多(duo)需要釬焊的(de)(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)； 鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)銅(tong)：鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)銅(tong)常作(zuo)為其(qi)(qi)(qi)它(ta)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間層(ceng)，以(yi)(yi)提高(gao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)和(he)基(ji)體金(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)結合(he)力(li)。 鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鎳：鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鎳的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)很廣，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于防護裝飾(shi)(shi)性和(he)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)性兩方面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。 鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻(ge)(ge)：鉻(ge)(ge)在大(da)氣中(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)長久保(bao)持光(guang)(guang)澤，在堿(jian)液(ye)、硝酸(suan)、硫酸(suan)及(ji)許(xu)多(duo)有(you)(you)機(ji)酸(suan)中(zhong)不發(fa)生(sheng)反應，鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻(ge)(ge)層(ceng)有(you)(you)很高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度和(he)優良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)磨(mo)性及(ji)較低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)摩擦系數，故鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)鉻(ge)(ge)常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于防護裝飾(shi)(shi)性鍍(du)(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)，防止基(ji)體金(jin)(jin)屬生(sheng)銹和(he)美化(hua)(hua)(hua)外觀，也常用(yong)(yong)(yong)于提高(gao)制品的(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)磨(mo)性或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)修復磨(mo)損； 發(fa)黑：鋼制件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)發(fa)黑處理(li)，也有(you)(you)被稱之(zhi)為發(fa)藍的(de)(de)(de)(de)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)原理(li)是(shi)將鋼鐵制品表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)迅速(su)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua),使(shi)之(zhi)形(xing)成(cheng)致密的(de)(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜保(bao)護層(ceng)，提高(gao)鋼件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)防銹能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)； 磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)：是(shi)一(yi)種化(hua)(hua)(hua)學與電化(hua)(hua)(hua)學反應形(xing)成(cheng)磷酸(suan)鹽化(hua)(hua)(hua)學轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程，所形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)磷酸(suan)鹽轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜稱之(zhi)為磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)膜。磷化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要是(shi)：給(gei)基(ji)體金(jin)(jin)屬提供保(bao)護，在一(yi)定程度上(shang)防止金(jin)(jin)屬被腐蝕(shi)；用(yong)(yong)(yong)于涂(tu)漆前打底，提高(gao)漆膜層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)附著力(li)與防腐蝕(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)；在金(jin)(jin)屬冷(leng)加工(gong)工(gong)藝中(zhong)起(qi)減摩潤(run)滑(hua)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)； 噴涂(tu)：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)壓力(li)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)靜電力(li)將油漆或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)粉末附著在工(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，使(shi)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)防腐和(he)外觀裝飾(shi)(shi)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)； 拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)柔(rou)性拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)工(gong)具(ju)和(he)磨(mo)料(liao)顆粒或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)介質對工(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)進行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)修飾(shi)(shi)加工(gong)。拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)不能(neng)(neng)(neng)提高(gao)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸(cun)精度或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)幾(ji)何形(xing)狀精度，而是(shi)以(yi)(yi)得到光(guang)(guang)滑(hua)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)鏡面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)光(guang)(guang)澤為目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，有(you)(you)時也用(yong)(yong)(yong)以(yi)(yi)消除光(guang)(guang)澤。