金屬表面處理：利用現代物理化學、金屬學和熱處理等學科的邊緣性新技術來改變金屬表面的狀況和性質，使之與材料作優化組合，以達到預定性能要求的工藝方法，稱為金屬表面處理。模具的(de)表(biao)面處(chu)理技(ji)術，是通過表(biao)面涂覆(fu)、表(biao)面改性(xing)或(huo)復合(he)處(chu)理技(ji)術，改變模具表(biao)面的(de)形態、化學成分、組織結構和應力狀態，以獲(huo)得所需表(biao)面性(xing)能的(de)系(xi)統工(gong)程。

金屬表(biao)面處理性(xing)能(neng)指：耐磨損性(xing)能(neng)、耐腐蝕性(xing)能(neng)、摩擦系數、疲勞性(xing)能(neng)等(deng)。常用的處理工藝種類有鍍鋅、鍍錫、鍍銅、鍍鎳、鍍鉻、發黑(hei)、磷化、噴涂、拋光。

鍍(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)：鍍(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)是(shi)(shi)指在金(jin)屬、合金(jin)或(huo)(huo)者其它材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)(du)(du)一(yi)層(ceng)鋅(xin)以起(qi)美觀、防(fang)銹(xiu)等作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)處理技術。鋼(gang)(gang)鐵零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上鍍(du)(du)(du)鋅(xin)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)。鍍(du)(du)(du)錫：洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)產物(wu)對人類無害，且易于(yu)(yu)(yu)釬焊，鍍(du)(du)(du)錫廣泛用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)食(shi)品罐頭(tou)包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)制(zhi)品、飲具(ju)(ju)、餐具(ju)(ju)及(ji)電(dian)子工(gong)(gong)業中(zhong)很(hen)多需要(yao)(yao)釬焊的(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)； 鍍(du)(du)(du)銅：鍍(du)(du)(du)銅常作為其它鍍(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)間(jian)層(ceng)，以提(ti)高(gao)表面(mian)(mian)鍍(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)和(he)基體(ti)金(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)結合力(li)(li)。 鍍(du)(du)(du)鎳(nie)：鍍(du)(du)(du)鎳(nie)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)面(mian)(mian)很(hen)廣，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)防(fang)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾性(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)功能性(xing)(xing)(xing)兩方(fang)面(mian)(mian)。 鍍(du)(du)(du)鉻：鉻在大氣(qi)中(zhong)能長久保(bao)持光(guang)澤(ze)，在堿液(ye)、硝酸、硫(liu)酸及(ji)許多有(you)機酸中(zhong)不發(fa)(fa)生反應，鍍(du)(du)(du)鉻層(ceng)有(you)很(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)和(he)優(you)良的(de)(de)(de)耐磨性(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)較低的(de)(de)(de)摩擦(ca)系數(shu)，故鍍(du)(du)(du)鉻常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)防(fang)護裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾性(xing)(xing)(xing)鍍(du)(du)(du)層(ceng)，防(fang)止(zhi)基體(ti)金(jin)屬生銹(xiu)和(he)美化(hua)外(wai)觀，也常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)提(ti)高(gao)制(zhi)品的(de)(de)(de)耐磨性(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)修(xiu)復磨損； 發(fa)(fa)黑：鋼(gang)(gang)制(zhi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)發(fa)(fa)黑處理，也有(you)被稱(cheng)之為發(fa)(fa)藍的(de)(de)(de)。其原理是(shi)(shi)將鋼(gang)(gang)鐵制(zhi)品表面(mian)(mian)迅速氧(yang)化(hua),使(shi)之形成致密的(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)化(hua)膜(mo)(mo)保(bao)護層(ceng)，提(ti)高(gao)鋼(gang)(gang)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)銹(xiu)能力(li)(li)； 磷(lin)化(hua)：是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種化(hua)學(xue)與(yu)電(dian)化(hua)學(xue)反應形成磷(lin)酸鹽(yan)化(hua)學(xue)轉化(hua)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)(cheng)，所形成的(de)(de)(de)磷(lin)酸鹽(yan)轉化(hua)膜(mo)(mo)稱(cheng)之為磷(lin)化(hua)膜(mo)(mo)。磷(lin)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)：給基體(ti)金(jin)屬提(ti)供保(bao)護，在一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)上防(fang)止(zhi)金(jin)屬被腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)；用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)涂漆前打底，提(ti)高(gao)漆膜(mo)(mo)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)附著力(li)(li)與(yu)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)能力(li)(li)；在金(jin)屬冷加工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)中(zhong)起(qi)減摩潤滑(hua)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)； 噴涂：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壓力(li)(li)或(huo)(huo)靜(jing)電(dian)力(li)(li)將油(you)漆或(huo)(huo)粉末附著在工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)防(fang)腐(fu)(fu)和(he)外(wai)觀裝(zhuang)(zhuang)飾作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)； 拋(pao)光(guang)：利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)柔性(xing)(xing)(xing)拋(pao)光(guang)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)和(he)磨料(liao)(liao)顆(ke)粒或(huo)(huo)其他拋(pao)光(guang)介質(zhi)對工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)進(jin)行的(de)(de)(de)修(xiu)飾加工(gong)(gong)。拋(pao)光(guang)不能提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)尺寸精度(du)或(huo)(huo)幾何形狀(zhuang)精度(du)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)以得到光(guang)滑(hua)表面(mian)(mian)或(huo)(huo)鏡面(mian)(mian)光(guang)澤(ze)為目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)，有(you)時也用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)以消除光(guang)澤(ze)。